Finance Week 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fund Week 3 - Essay Example Financial specialists that are hazard disinclined will put a great deal of their assets in like manner stocks because of the way that basic stocks have a higher capability of value appreciation. Financial specialists that don't have any significant bearing the enhancement standard can lose a great deal of cash if the specific part of the market they put resources into goes down. It is never an astute thought for financial specialists to put every one of their eggs in a similar bin. Broadening guarantees that speculators spread their protections around various parts of the market. Supervisors can use the enhancement guideline to build their income position. An approach to utilize putting away to build incomes is by buying blue chip stocks that have a background marked by delivering profits each year. Another route for chiefs to improve the money position of an organization is by putting resources into securities that pay coupon installments and in favored stocks that deliver yearly profits. Firms may likewise improve their income position by selling business paper in the commercial center. The most widely recognized type of business paper is corporate securities. â€Å"The right expansion system can give you the best chances of enduring whatever monetary tempests may hit the market in the future† (Caplinger, 2012). Caplinger, D. (2012). This Diversification Strategy Will Make Your Portfolio Safer. Recovered November 9, 2012 from

Social Justice – Short Essay

In every single multicultural homeroom there are worries of social Justice for all understudies. One of the worries is that all understudies get a top notch training regardless of what their social remaining on the planet. I low pay and neediness stricken territories it is a worry that understudies won't get as great of instruction as would an understudy who goes to a school in a wealthier territory. This is a worry in light of the fact that the low salary schools may not get as much funding.Low subsidizing thusly can prompt understudies being instructed with outdated material and innovation. Another social Justice once in the study hall is for crippled or extraordinary requirements understudies. It was basic up until the as of late to send all understudies with physical and mental handicaps to a custom curriculum classes. Specialized curriculum classes separate the exceptional needs understudies from their nondurable friends and there was scarcely ever any colonization between the t wo. There are numerous understudies with incapacities that can learn in a standard or comprehensive classroom.Students with inabilities are frequently treated contrastingly and this influences the nature of their training. I accept all understudies ought to be educated with the best material and innovations accessible. Regardless of their race, sex, religion capacity, every understudy merits a top notch instruction. I figure we as a network must ensure this is conceivable regardless of whether it implies higher expenses or all the more raising money. We have to put our youngsters' future first before all things.Schools locale additionally need to test handicapped understudies to put them In the correct learning condition. This would permit all understudies to get the most ideal training for their expectation to absorb information. I for one intend to instruct In a low Income school area with the goal that I can do my part to help give those understudies a top notch training. I reali ze I won't be paid as much In this locale yet In the end I am not going Into instructing to fill my financial balance yet to fill youthful personalities with the abilities and Information to make them future leaders.I plan to use each asset accessible to improve material and innovations for the study hall. There are organizations will give assets to schools and instructors they feel merit them. I will work my hardest to give them that my school and I merit them. I will likewise ensure every one of my understudies realize that I think they are for the most part equivalent and that no understudy Is superior to another. I feel that In the ND Just as all men ought to be dealt with similarly, all understudies ought to be dealt with equally.Social Justice †Short Essay By miasmas network must ensure this is conceivable regardless of whether it implies higher expenses or locale likewise need to test incapacitated understudies to put them in the best possible learning their expectation to learn and adapt. I for one intend to instruct in a low salary school area so that be paid as much in this locale however at long last I am not going into educating to fill my financial balance yet to fill youthful personalities with the aptitudes and data to make them think they are for the most part equivalent and that no understudy is superior to another. I feel that in the

How to Plan a Socratic Seminar

How to Plan a Socratic Seminar Head of Content and Curriculum, Julie, shares a step-by-step process for planning a Socratic Seminar. If you have always wanted to try one, but aren’t sure how to get started, this post is for you. by Julie Mason Picture this: Desks are arranged in a circle. Students are seated, and engaged in a lively discussion of a text. You are observing silently from the back of the room. Students are building on each others’ ideas, asking clarifying questions, and citing examples from the text to support their assertions.   It’s a beautiful picture, right?   Socratic Seminars can be more than a teacher’s dream. They can become your reality.   A Socratic Seminar is… A formal discussion where students are given open-ended questions to discuss in advance. Students take time to prepare notes and find evidence from the text to use in the discussion. The discussion is led and facilitated by students. During the discussion students listen actively, think critically, articulate their ideas and build on their classmates’ ideas.   Here are the steps for planning a Socratic Seminar. Planning Step #1: Choose The Text A Socratic Seminar is grounded in the discussion of a text. Because the seminar involves preparation, it is important that you select a text that students have either just finished reading or are in the process of reading. I often recommend that the first time you try a Socratic Seminar that you choose a series of passages or chapters, which makes preparation less time-consuming and daunting for students.   Planning Step #2: Write The Open-Ended Questions Once your students are more comfortable with Socratic Seminars, you may provide them with the opportunity to write the questions themselves. However, when you are first beginning this process, I recommend that you write the questions students will discuss. These questions need to be open-ended and provocative so that they will result in a lively discussion. Planning Step # 3: Provide Students With Ample Time To Prepare Give the questions to your students in advance so that they have time to prepare for the seminar. Provide them with handouts or a process where they can gather notes and evidence from the text to support their responses to the questions.   Planning Step #4: Break Down And Model The Process   It is important to make the process transparent for students so they know what to expect. Walk them through how the Socratic Seminar will work, and answer any questions that they have. Some teachers do a practice seminar where they will jump in and guide the students through the process.   Planning Step #5: Create A Rubric It is important that students know the criteria you are going to use to assess their preparation, participation, and engagement in the seminar. Create a rubric that you give to them when you hand out the questions so that the expectations are clear.   Planning Tip #6: Learn The Best Practices You don’t know what you don’t know. While you will mostly be a silent observer, it is important that you create a structure for the seminar so that students can effectively facilitate it. Some teachers have an inner and outer circle. This is a best practice because it is challenging to hear from everyone or have a meaningful discussion if the group is too large. With this structure, the students in the inner circle are discussing, and the students in the outer circle are observing the discussion. After two questions, the circles swap. Some teachers will ask the outer circle to use the rubric and assess the inner circle to hold them accountable for active listening.   Planning Tip #7: Be Open To Feedback and Changes It is likely that everything won’t go as planned the first time you try a Socratic Seminar. Ask students for feedback on their experience. You may get some great ideas about changes that you need to make. Know that it is ok to make changes as needed so the process is more effective and engaging for your students. Do you use Socratic Seminars in your classroom? Share with us on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and Pinterest. Julie Mason is the Head of Content and Curriculum for TeacherVision. She brings expertise in blended and personalized learning, instructional coaching, and curriculum design to the role. She was a middle and high school English teacher for eight years and most recently taught at Dana Hall, an all-girls school in Wellesley, MA. She was a blended and personalized learning instructional coach for K-12 teachers at BetterLesson for two years, and she has presented at The National Principals Conference, ISTE, and ASCD where she shared her expertise  on how instructional coaching builds teacher capacity in K-12 schools. She has extensive experience designing and facilitating professional development for teachers, and she oversees the TeacherVision advisory board.

Persuasive Speech Topics for College Students

How to Find Winning Persuasive Speech Topic? Coming up with a good idea for a persuasive speech may seem like a piece of cake. However, when you get a real task to perform, you suddenly realize that either your mind is completely blank, or you can come up with something boring and silly. So, how to invent a topic that will be interesting and provide a good opportunity to exercise public speaking? These simple tips can help you: Keep the balance: choose an area you are truly interested in, but avoid the topics which may be too touchy. Sometimes try to express the opinion opposite to yours. Choose a controversial issue, but do not go too deeply in religious, ideological or political concerns. Make your topic up-to-date, locally oriented and important for the audience. Limit the issue by choosing a part of the problem. Here are some ideas which you may find interesting: Developed countries should not help developing ones financially. Free higher education cannot conform to the standards of the modern society. Modern art will possess no cultural value in one hundred years. The failure to achieve your aim means there was no real desire to succeed. Business success is a matter of luck and has nothing to do with professionalism. High academic results are not important for your future professional success. In order to ensure free college education for all, government must introduce an additional tax for large and medium size companies. Despite being strict, college admission procedures fail to guarantee the right people being chosen. Long-term unemployment benefits discourage people from looking for a job and stimulate the unemployment. School curriculum must place a greater emphasis on science than humanities, as humanitarian subjects are easier to master.

Ethics Ethics And Morality - 3156 Words

Janesha Pickens Ethics Dr. Eckman November 26, 2014 Ethics Portfolio Definition of Ethics: I would summarize the term ethics by saying that it is an absolute standard by which people live by. Ethics is this mentality or this inside voice that tells us what we should do versus what we actually do. Dr. Eckman states in â€Å"Christian Ethics† that the term ethics refers to a set of standards around which we organize our lives and from which we define our duties and obligations. Ethics is something we ought to do. In America we mix up the terms ethics and morality. Morality is what we actually do, and already do. In Matthew 22:33-40, it speaks about how as believers we should mirror those greatest commandments. We should love God with everything we have and love others. As believers we are called to set ourselves apart to become more ethical. Sometimes we are so caught up in what we want to do versus what we should do as Christians. Our actions should scream out that we are different and so our choice in how we respond to things should be different also. Believers are faced with ethical issues today such as: euthanasia, bioethics, human sexuality, and ethics of war, capital punishment, work, race, art, and the environment. Ethical Absolutes: One of the main challenges in today’s society is how we have come to create what we call â€Å"norms†. We have shifted and continue to shift the placement of standards and made them more modern to our human conditions. ItShow MoreRelatedEthics : Ethics And Morality1478 Words   |  6 PagesEthics Paper In my organization, the ethical system used is egoism. Egoism exists in the normative realm of ethics and morality and explains what should be in an organization (WK 2, L1). This idea of should is used to express a distinct moral connotation (WK 2, L1), but this is where egoism complicates the concept of the normative domain. As was stated previously, within the normative sphere we find ethics and morality; and although many believe these terms to be interchangeable, they are actuallyRead MoreThe Ethics Of Ethics And Morality937 Words   |  4 PagesEthics is a concept, and is subjective that depends on the social conduct in which it is applied. Ethics has its basis in moral (Socrates) and duty (Kant), it is a different need for natural or mathematics, and it is like the freedom people need to live in society. All societies in all historical eras had and have been having their applications of ethics and morality. According Lawrence, (Lawrence Weber, 2014a) It labels that the not ions of right and wrong(ethics) usually comes from the environmentRead MoreEthics : Ethics And Morality1476 Words   |  6 Pagesuniversal on ethics and morality. Ethics among different cultures is so vast, even though every culture does have a standard for ethics which they live by. Although ethics is a broad human universal, there is no specific universal ethic. Each world religion holds a different ethic as their highest ethic; it is always a case by case basis. Theory: Ethics serve as an adaptive function in modern environment, more than ever. As society evolves, the standard of ethics also increases. Ethics is a traitRead MoreEthics : Morality And Ethics1701 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion 1: Morality and Ethics: Shirley while was friendly and nice to the employees ultimately did not do them any good, by creating an environment where the employees the restaurants ‘resources’ were not used properly thus causing production deviance. As soon as Kevin became the new manager, he put the employees on probation, in doing this, he creates a hostile environment violating the Principal of the religious injunction. He creates an environment that is not kind and does not promote a unityRead MoreEthics, Morality, And Morality2531 Words   |  11 PagesEthics and morality may initially seem to be interchangeable words used to describe a code of conduct that society should follow in order to make informed decisions. However, they are in fact two separate entities that exist as individual codes of conduct, yet share a symbiotic relationship in decision making. Ethics can be described as the rules of behavior and demeanor as established by society, a certain sociological group of people, or a religion. Consequently, due to the nature of ethics, theyRead MoreEthics and Morality3604 Words   |  15 PagesAbstract The paper delves into the topic of ethics and morality. It would try to understand the concept of ethics and morality and the difference between the two concepts. In the paper I would analyse what motivates human behaviour and choices and why those choices can never always be moral and ethical. I will analyse some ethical and moral theories that provide guidelines for ethical human behaviour and critically assess them with the aid of real life examples, to determine whether it is possibleRead MoreEthics And Morality And Ethics1575 Words   |  7 PagesDictionary defines ethics as, Moral principles that govern a person s behavior or the conducting of an activity. We have talked many times in class over the basic premise of ethics especially in a business aspect. We see a lot of ethical issues within Wall Street, Insurance Companies, Financing firms, and of course there are a lot more. These are all issues on the business side mainly dealing with sales. We all know that sales people get a bad representation of themselves. Ethics go a lot fartherRead MoreEthics And Morality : Ethics1672 Words   |  7 PagesEthics had the meaning of by showing the moral virtue or showing moral character. Ethics has some connection with rules; which if the behavior of human is well formed and cautiously controlled, it will result the human get approach into desirable way, even if the rules does not stated any things or what to do in particular scenario. There are claims about the equality between ethics and morals in way of definition and the objective but it is not. Actually, morals is a matter of discipline that tellingRead MoreThe Distinction Of Ethics And Morality1307 Words   |  6 PagesThe Distinction Of Ethics And Morality: The use of the words ethics and morality are often confused with each other especially these are commonly used in Philosophy and other related fields. This paper will discuss the distinction between these two concepts. According to Gammel (2007), the difference between the terms morality and ethics has a very thin line particularly in the daily language. Adding to this confusion is that other philosophical resources and materials use the terms interchangeablyRead MoreEthics and Morality Essay1347 Words   |  6 PagesEthics and Morality Is it immoral for a person to write lies on his/her resume? This question poses many questions in its self. How fictitious is the lie, what are you lying about, what could be the consequences of this lie and whom and how will this lie affect the people involved? How would John Stuart Mill answer this question? Mills general position seem to be that one should do what will produce the most happiness, pleasure and with the absence of pain. With this in mind for one to

Bus210 Appendix G Free Essays

Appendix G Week 2. Checkpoint Business Organizations Resources:| Resource: Ch. 2 of Introduction to Business| Task: | Write a 200- to 300-word description of a business scenario, either real or fictional, that depicts each of the following forms of business organization:| Joint Stock Company| As a Joint Stock Company I have Chosen The British East India Company. We will write a custom essay sample on Bus210 Appendix G or any similar topic only for you Order Now It was granted a royal charter in 1600 with the intention of securing trade with India for England by Elizabeth I. A Joint Stock company has two or more individuals own all the shares of a company. Shares of stock are given in return for each financial contribution and the shareholders are free to transfer their ownership at any time by selling their shares to other share holders. These are known as private companies and the shares are not open to public sale or trading. Any corporate losses have to be paid by the shareholders so there is unlimited liability. Encyclopedia Britannica)| Limited Liability Company| Basically a limited liability corporation means if the company goes belly up, the wealth, and possessions of the owners cannot be taken to repay any debts of the business, only assets in the name of the business can be used to pay off the debt. To my amazement I found that McDonalds is a Limited Liability Corporation. (McDonalds, LLC Corporate home)| Partnership| A partnership is just as it sounds two, or more, people own a business equally. They share all responsibility for the business between them. An example of a Partnership could be the original Johnson and Johnson Company. Now it is a LLC and sells stock, but originally it was a very small company started by 3 brothers in 1886 making surgical dressings. When originally started this was a partnership. (Johnson Johnson )| Sole Proprietorship| A sole proprietorship is a one man show. Owned, operated, and responsible for all debts by one person. This does not mean they might not have employees, but all the operations of the business are the responsibility of the owner. A good example of this that we might know of is The Dallas Cowboys. Jerry Jones owns the stadium, the team, and the contracts with the players, and all the rights to the team and the name including the cheerleaders’ name. (NFL 2011)| National Football League Dallas Cowboys. com Johnson and Johnson Corporation McDonalds USA Encyclopedia Britannica inc. copyright 2011 How to cite Bus210 Appendix G, Papers

Mental Health at Work Anzam Pelt Project Articulation & Viva Voce

Question: Discuss about the Anzam Pelt Project Voice to Values. Answer: Introduction Management ethics are the professional ethics that evaluates the ethical principles as well as moral and ethical problems that arise in the business environments (Goetsch Davis, 2014 p4). These ethics applies to all the aspects of the firm conduct and are usually relevant to the behaviors of persons and also the entire organization (Frederickson Ghere, 2013 p18). The ethics originate from the individuals, business statements or the legal system. The management ethics are the modern business standards, the set values and the norms that govern the various actions and behaviors of a person in the business organization (Mel, 2011 p23). The ethical issues range from the interaction of the profit-maximizing behavior with the non-economic concerns. Companies are committed to promoting the non-economic values under the ethics codes and the social responsibility charters. These ethical management issues lead to stories on the business gone badly or to do the right thing. In our case study, the simple moral question is Should Claire disclose Johns illness since it is a threat to the organization? Claire has to make various decisions that will determine how to deal with Johns case. These ethical dilemmas occur every day in the leadership and management of organizations. The management ethics are designed to enable the leaders and managers to apply comprehensive systems of management to their various work places about the social responsiveness of the organization. These standards of behavior guide the individual managers in doing their duties. Discussion My moral values that I would voice are responsibility, respect, fairness and honesty. I would voice these values on this case because these four are the pillars of ethical principles that should be upheld by all the managers and other leaders in each and every business organization. These values are much significant in professionalism and social responsibility to ensure fairness and equality. If I were Clare, I would enact these moral values through involving all the employees in decision making, organizing workshops to educate the bank employees on the importance of these moral values and leading by an example. The company and other employees should respect each other, be responsible for their actions and be fair to others, for instance helping John who has been a wonderful worker and colleague up to the day of his illness. The fact that the truth is still being hidden, this would render it difficult to voice these moral values and to urge the bank management as well as the other workers to accommodate Johns shortcoming since they do not know the cause of his behavio ur. Professional managers and leaders like Claire are not only concerned with the technical and financial expertise but also are sensitive to the moral dimensions of the people they are managing. This requires the capacity to come up with the best moral decisions and judgments and also the voice to enact the critical values in their workplace while ensuring the employees wellbeing as well as maintaining the performance of the organization. In their endeavors to support all these, one is faced with various emotional, cultural, institutional, cognitive and political disablers and enablers that influence their ability to voice their moral values. Claire holds the position of authority which makes her accountable for all the ethical conducts of the persons working at the bank who report to her. The manager has to monitor the behaviors of all the employees in accord with the set expectations of the organization of appropriate behavior and responds appropriately and quickly to reduce the adverse effects of the suspected ethical violations. Since managers are responsible for creating and implementing the changes that are required to the ethical codes and guidelines of their organization, Claire can accommodate Johns shortcomings. Emotional and Cognitive Enablers and Disablers John is having a mental problem as he is diagnosed with depression hence needs particular attention due to the vulnerability created by his compromised mental capability to understand the meaning of his diagnosis, treatment and also prognosis (Lynch, Hart Costa, 2014 p370). The emotional enablers in this scenario are that Claire is concerned with Johns wellbeing. She is compassionate and offers to listen to the problems that John has and tries to solve them (Adkins, 2011 p385). She even allows John to take regular breaks to sleep and also attend the counseling appointments. John is released from the normal teller duties so that he can only deal with specific issues so as not to overwhelm him. Claire is so protective of John since she believes that he has served the organization so well in the past and he deserves respect and help from the organization (May, Chan, Hodges Avolio, 2003 p250). The emotional disablers are that Claire lies to the colleagues that John is being redeployed for a unique project that is related to international banking which is against the management of ethics. This makes it impossible for Claire to voice the fact that John is sick and in need of help. Institutional and Political Enablers and Disablers The institutional and political enablers are that the organization is structured in such a way managers who are closer to the other employees is given mandate and powers to solve the problems of the staff below them (Shin, Sung, Choi Kim, 2015 p45). However, the institution is not much concerned with the wellbeing of the employees as we see Claire and John are reluctant on disclosing the illness to the colleagues and also the higher authority. Claire and John fear that the organization will fire John on learning his disease and the shortcomings of his condition despite him being a loyal and hardworking employee for many years. The organization will be going against the management of ethics if they fire John who has been a hardworking employee (Wild Zhou, 2011 p120). These disablers make it difficult for the duo to tell the authority the truth. Cultural Enablers and Disablers There are good business cultural practices that enable and encourages the employees to voice the moral values at the organization (Schein, 2010 Vol. 2 p34). The company culture allows strong relations that encourage the employees to interact at different levels as seen when Simon consults John on the issue of the international student. This shows that John has an opportunity of telling his colleagues about his illness and they could help him and be accommodative. However, the culture of the business may not be that accommodative since John fears that if the fellow employee knows about his illness, they will judge him and maybe avoid him and always question his judgment. The employees are not much concerned as they are not keen enough to know that the shortcomings of John may be a medical problem but rushes into concussions and contacts the higher authority. Claire Meeting with John What is at stake or risk for the key parties, including John and Claire? John is a danger of losing his job since he might be declared incompetent to hand the various duties assigned to him. This is because of change in behavior, lateness for work, struggling with routine tasks, lack of concentration and impaired decision making, lack of cooperation, anger, and frustrations. Claire risks being getting warnings from the authorities for showing favor and leniency towards John. What are the major arguments that John might raise against Claires advice? What reasons and rationalizations might he raise to justify keeping his illness confidential? John might state that if his illness becomes known, the other employees might think less of him and label him incompetent and will not seek his advice and opinion on various matters. John will also maintain that if the authorities knew about his illness, they would dismiss him. Therefore, he might insist to keep his illness confidential and claim that he is working on it since he is attending counseling sessions and taking medications and that he expects the situation to change soon. What are Claires most efficient and reasonable responses to Johns reasons and rationalizations? Claire should assure John that he has been a loyal and hardworking employee and the organization and the other workers will be able to support him and be lenient with him if they about his illness. How should she approach the topic with John and how should she conduct the meeting and what should she say to him? Since this is a difficult as well as a sensitive subject on mental illness, Claire should be careful on the words she uses not to upset or depress John further. She should use a friendly tone and try to build a mutual relationship so that John can open up. Claire should explain to John that he should not be ashamed of his illness since anyone can get sick. Scenario A Questions What is at stake or risk for the key parties? John risks losing his job as Charles might see his condition as a limitation on his performance. Claire also risks getting a warning for holding the information on Johns illness that has affected his output at the company What are the major arguments that Charles might raise against Claires arguments? What reasons and rationalizations might he raise to justify manage John out? Charles may state that John has a severe medical problem and he needs medical attention while not at the company since his performance is poor. He might also add that other stable persons can take up Johns responsibilities. What are Claires most persuasive responses to Charles reasons and rationalizations? Claire should explain that John has been receiving medications and his condition and performance are improving and that he needs to be given a little longer. She should explain to Charles that John has expertise and experience that is not easy to replace. What should she say to Charles? Clare should tell Charles that John has been loyal to the organization for many years hence the organization owes him tolerance and help. Scenario B Questions What is at stake or risk for the key parties? Claire risks being demoted or worse still losing her job for lying. John also might not improve and could also be dismissed. What are the main arguments that Charles might raise against Claires arguments? What reasons and rationalizations might they raise to justify manage John out? Charles might say that much time has been given to John and continued tolerance to his behavior will affect the bank negatively since his performance is worsening each day. What are Claires most reasonable and persuasive responses to Charles reasons and rationalizations? Claire should defend John by saying that medications need time to take effect as well as the counseling therapy and that she will supervise John to ensure his illness does not negatively affect the company. What should she say to Charles? Clare should tell Charles that the bank owes John tolerance in return for his service to the bank for many years and that illness can befall anyone hence the organization needs to support John References Adkins, C.P., 2011. A pathway for educating moral intuition: Experiential learning within the giving voice to values curriculum. Journal of Business Ethics Education, 8(1), pp.383-391. Carroll, A. and Buchholtz, A., 2014. Business and society: Ethics, sustainability, and stakeholder management. Nelson Education. Frederickson, H.G. and Ghere, R.K., 2013. Ethics in public management. ME Sharpe. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014. Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Lynch, S., Hart, B. and Costa, C.M., 2014. Giving Voice to Values: An undergraduate nursing curriculum project. Collegian, 21(4), pp.367-373. May, D.R., Chan, A.Y., Hodges, T.D. and Avolio, B.J., 2003. Developing the moral component of authentic leadership. Organizational dynamics, 32(3), pp.247-260. Mel, D., 2011. Management ethics: Placing ethics at the core of good management. Palgrave Macmillan. Moon, J., Gond, J.P., Grubnic, S. and Herzig, C., 2011. Management control for sustainability strategy. CIMA Research Executive Summary Series, 7(12), pp.1-20. Schein, E.H., 2010. Organizational culture and leadership (Vol. 2). John Wiley Sons. Shapiro, J.P. and Stefkovich, J.A., 2016. Ethical leadership and decision making in education: Applying theoretical perspectives to complex dilemmas. Routledge. Shin, Y., Sung, S.Y., Choi, J.N. and Kim, M.S., 2015. Top management ethical leadership and firm performance: Mediating role of ethical and procedural justice climate. Journal of Business Ethics, 129(1), pp.43-57. Trevio, L.K., Hartman, L.P. and Brown, M., 2000. Moral person and moral manager: How executives develop a reputation for ethical leadership. California management review, 42(4), pp.128-142. Wild, N. and Zhou, L., 2011. Ethical procurement strategies for international aid non-government organisations. Supply chain management: an international journal, 16(2), pp.110-127.

The Death Penalty Justifiable Essay Example For Students

The Death Penalty: Justifiable Essay The Death Penalty: JustifiableBy: Brendan Moriarty 04/28/96-Preface: Let it be noted now that this speech is very opinionated. I strongly believe that the Death Penalty is a form of punishment to beused when needed. Which opens up the question, when should it be used? That maybe the breaking point in a lot of arguments, deciding when to use the deathpenalty is a very touchy subject. I believe that only murderers deserve thedeath penalty, but I do not believe that all murderers should receive it aspunishment. In cases where someone was killed in self defense, the murderershould not receive the death penalty. But when someone is killed in cold bloodthen there should be a consideration. Again, not all cold blooded murderersshould receive it. Premeditated and sometimes on the spot murders are alsocandidates, but that depends on how the victim was treated before the murder. We will write a custom essay on The Death Penalty: Justifiable specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Was he/she abused or tormented in a severe way? Or was the victim raped? I wouldalso take into account, the number of people killed by the murderer. Those arenot the only things to take into account, but I will stop here. It was August 3, the year was 1986. A man named Esquel Banda had justraped, stabbed and strangled a 74 year old widow by the name of Merle Laird inher own house. Banda then sucked the blood from the womans mouth. Does that describe a kind, gentle man, who is not a threat to society? Aman who values life or a man that deserves life when he seems so eager todestroy it? I certainly wouldnt think so. Some people believe that the death penalty is wrong, what do you think?Is it OK for a man to commit heinous murders but not OK for our valued legalsystem, whos outcomes depend on ordinary people like you and me, to decide toterminate that mans life for his crimes to others?The death penalty is just that; a penalty. Its intention is not topresent an example to others, to show them not to commit murders, or this mayhappen to you, although it may very well work like that. If it is, fine, somuch the better. But it is a punishment. You cant say that the felon doesntreally receive the punishment because hes dead because they have quite a fewyears to think about it while on death row. Just sitting around a few years withnothing to look forward to except death, is punishment enough. Infact, it may bebetter than having a life jail term, without parole. Felons in that predicamenthave said so themselves, they would rather die than have to wait the rest ofthere life in jail, which can exceed 60 years. Which brings me around to my nextpoint What happens if we do get rid of the death penalty? We would havehundreds of murderers sitting in jails and mixing with many other people. Dont put me in a cell with anybody. Ill kill them, it wont bother me tokill somebody. Thats a quote from a former death row inmate. He brings up avery important point. Our society always says how our prisons are safe andsecure. That may be true in some prisons now, but what happens when they have tohold murderers like that inmate. If the death penalty isnt used anymore, thenwhat would stop inmates from killing other inmates and jail guards or repeatedlytrying to escape? Nothing; because if they do kill someone, their term wontchange, nothing worse can happen to them, except mabey a few days of solitude. .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13 , .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13 .postImageUrl , .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13 , .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13:hover , .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13:visited , .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13:active { border:0!important; } .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13:active , .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13 .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue879b5a930e518609694f8d183780e13:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Homelessness Essay Cause And EffectNothing is stopping them from attempting more crimes in jail!Another point I must bring up, is racism in the decision about whoshould die. I will agree that there is some, but it is a simple problem with asimple solution. Diversify our jurys. In most cases, a group of people chosenrandomly will be appointed to decide that fate of an accused murderer. If thereis racism and sexism, then even out the number of minorities and sexes in thejury. But anyway, if we need to bag the death penalty because of racism and such,then we sure cant have prisons! Dont tell me there isnt either of those whenthe jail term is decided, because the truth is, the re is a lot of racism is thedecision. OK, my last point is the argument that the death penalty is just toocruel to use. Ill agree that mabey hanging and a firing squad should beabolished. But not the gas chamber, lethal injection or the chair. With the gaschamber, the person just smells a strange smell, then there out of it. The onlypain in lethal injection is sticking the needle in the skin. The last one, theelectric chair is the most controversial. There are stories of people survivingthe first shock, in one case the man was sent back to his cell, but later he wasfinally killed. That may be very shocking, but mabey you havent heard what someof these people did. Heres an example A man and a woman were sitting in there car on the bank of a river on adate. Two men approached the car and pointed a gun in. The man and women weretaken, and later, deep in a forest, the male victim was beaten, tied to a treeand shot through the head, all in front of the womans eyes. For the next fewdays, the woman was tortured and raped repeatedly and was almost killed in theend. So, put yourself in those victims shoes, imaging the physical andmental pain of the ordeal. Now what do you think? Should the murderers receive alittle bit of pain on their way out? I think its justifiable. History

Free Essays on Gullivers Travels

In the fictitous work of Johnathan Swift in Gulliver’s Travel, here he describes and imitates the lives of very different beings. We come to know and experience the lives of the Houyhnhnms, the Yahoos, Human Beings in the European world, and Gulliver. The way each being lives is uniquely different and yet similar to each other in a way. For the Houyhnhnms in their country is similar the Humans in Europe. Yet at the same time, the Humans are similar the Yahoos. Gulliver, in all circumstances, plays a part of all the beings from his ways and behaviors of his past to his ways and behaviors of his present situation. The Houyhnhnms are seen by Gulliver to be the utmost, perfect society of creatures in a beautiful world. The perfect society according to Gulliver. These Houyhnhnms live a world where there is nothing but honesty and nothing can be false. The Houyhnhnms live in a world where there is no lying, cheating, stealing, greed, or hostility among each other. This place is a perfect world where there is harmony. The Houyhnhnms place is where reason is the backbone of everything. For if you live by reason and go by reason, then how cans anything is judged or wrong. Where everything is not questioned and everyone goes along with what is ordered, for instance his or her hierarchy of classes. Where the white, sorrel, and gray coat Houyhnhnms are to be â€Å"naturally† inferior of the bay, black, and dapple-gray coat Houyhnhnms. Yet with all this, these Houyhnhnms are losing something that Humans have. They miss out entirely of the conditions of emotions which the Houyhnhnms have n one. Also, that no one can actually have a mind of their own, even though they are to be so intellectual. No Houyhnhnms can have an opinion or say that they hate being a servant and want more out of life or want to succeed. The Houyhnhnms society may have seen as the perfect world, but the inhabitors of this world are missing out on things, whic... Free Essays on Gulliver's Travels Free Essays on Gulliver's Travels In the fictitous work of Johnathan Swift in Gulliver’s Travel, here he describes and imitates the lives of very different beings. We come to know and experience the lives of the Houyhnhnms, the Yahoos, Human Beings in the European world, and Gulliver. The way each being lives is uniquely different and yet similar to each other in a way. For the Houyhnhnms in their country is similar the Humans in Europe. Yet at the same time, the Humans are similar the Yahoos. Gulliver, in all circumstances, plays a part of all the beings from his ways and behaviors of his past to his ways and behaviors of his present situation. The Houyhnhnms are seen by Gulliver to be the utmost, perfect society of creatures in a beautiful world. The perfect society according to Gulliver. These Houyhnhnms live a world where there is nothing but honesty and nothing can be false. The Houyhnhnms live in a world where there is no lying, cheating, stealing, greed, or hostility among each other. This place is a perfect world where there is harmony. The Houyhnhnms place is where reason is the backbone of everything. For if you live by reason and go by reason, then how cans anything is judged or wrong. Where everything is not questioned and everyone goes along with what is ordered, for instance his or her hierarchy of classes. Where the white, sorrel, and gray coat Houyhnhnms are to be â€Å"naturally† inferior of the bay, black, and dapple-gray coat Houyhnhnms. Yet with all this, these Houyhnhnms are losing something that Humans have. They miss out entirely of the conditions of emotions which the Houyhnhnms have n one. Also, that no one can actually have a mind of their own, even though they are to be so intellectual. No Houyhnhnms can have an opinion or say that they hate being a servant and want more out of life or want to succeed. The Houyhnhnms society may have seen as the perfect world, but the inhabitors of this world are missing out on things, whic...

Rewrite PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN papers based on tutor's feedbacks Essay

Rewrite PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN papers based on tutor's feedbacks for my course International Strategy Management. Writer MUST be ON TIME. Writer needs to s - Essay Example In today's rapidly changing business environment where competition is very fierce I realise that in order to succeed I need to discover and capitalize on his personal competencies in order to excel in his chosen field of career. I should improve my knowledge, talents and skills to stay in the competition or else I will be lagged behind. Once left behind, I will likely face termination not only from my present job, but also from my future career. Especially on my case that I am foreigner I should improve my not only in academic aspects but also my communication and interpersonal skills. My unique knowledge, skills, and talents are tools that I can use to improve not only to myself but also to humanity as a whole. Having these he should create a plan on what these are, how and when to use them. These are the critical issues that I discovered and worked on during the first parts of the course. I mapped up my personal development plan. As what Elliott said1, personal development planning provides us with access to bridge our dreams towards its realisation. In the first workshop, I found out the how important reflection is not just in personal development but also in learning in general. ... Before I had a notion that in order to learn something I just had to rely on the spoon-fed teachings and learning methods. Because of this learning theory, by way of concrete experience, observation and reflection, forming abstract concept, and testing in new situations; Kolb emphasised to us that learning is on immersing oneself in a real case scenario rather than simulating reality in a classroom4. With these realisations, I felt empowered by the first workshop. I also felt responsible for my personal development. I became confident that I would solve my problems in life particularly in my weaknesses that, I personally believe, will hamper my personal development. I realise that I should become proactive in my quest to improve myself, just as what Covey5 said in his Habit 1 "Be Proactive". The nature of personal development as I see it after finishing the course is to be proactive and to develop ourselves continually that will enable us to be competitive today and in the future. During the filling up of the personal learning style questionnaire conceptualised by Mumford6, I found out that I am activist learner. That reflected that I could learn better when I am exposed in concrete experience. This justified my interest in joining in hands-on activities that require teamwork. I also found out in Guirdham's conflict solving style questionnaire7 that my personality is inclined towards avoiding and competing. I found this interesting since it accurately reflected my own personality. According to Guirdham's questionnaire, my personality is not inclined to solve conflict. I have the tendency to compete with others instead of finding a solution to the

Global History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Global History - Essay Example Commercial expansion meant not only that the land was the only source of living but more people could buy the land to have a status of nobility in the society. It brought a revolution both in political and military meanings. The new wealthy group people had the resources now to get armors and arms and the regiment of 'hoplites' Hoplites completely depended on their powers to act as a disciplined force. It culminated among them the need for unity. They started discussing their problems in public sittings. Such collective agreement was the beginning of polis- the city state. New wealth meant new men so the aristocracy became the victim of the wealthy class. The new men replaced aristocracy, they set a government which less gave honor to traditional values. The tyrants, who replaced the aristocracy, brought peace after the skirmishes, arising because of the pressure on lands. They introduced a system of magistrates and believed in providing justice to the aggrieved. All these internal and of course external influence were the major factors which led to the concept of city state in Greek civilization. Anderson. Perry. Passages from Antiquity to Feudalism. London, Verso, 1974 Roberts. J.M. The History of the World. New York. Viking Penguin Inc. 1983. (2) The other factors were also responsible for the emerging of the city states in Greek The geography of Greek also played an important role in the formation of the city states. The territory of a city state was one of the narrow valleys and it had menial resources to provide for sustenance. The soil of Attica was not very fertile and Athens would have to depend on imported grain Dialect intensified the sense of...Slavery was the part of Greek civilization. Aristotle was of the view that slaves are born slaves because nature did not give them the right of freedom. Slavery was a prevailing fact and it contributed a great deal in the nascent years of Greek city life. Athens was able to produce pottery, wine and olive oil because of slavery. J.M. Roberts points out that slavery was all pervasive and remained a common feature in the Christian world for so long.

Melaka After Being Labeled As Unesco Historical City Tourism Essay

Melaka After Being Labeled As Unesco Historical City Tourism Essay Chapter 2 is an overview of literature and models that are related to the research problem presented in the previous chapter. Reviewing the literature help to define the perception and reflect on the value and benefits of UNESCO label and its terms and conditions. In addition, the opportunity of tourism industry to the economic growth of Malaysia and Malacca, the impact and implementation will be discuss further. In the early era of human being, human travels or moving from a place to another place in order to avoid from danger, hunting for foods or changing of weather. Besides that, war, trade, religion and leisure also made people to move (Ding Kay Lee, 2009). The origin of modern tourism is usually quoted as the Grand Tour (Kastenholz, 2002). Where after, the industrialization epoch makes travel accessible for a up rising number of people due to more revenue, idles time available, improved of technology, increase of knowledge and curiosity. Before War World II, the growing needs of leisure are low due to bad working, hard living predicament and low standard of episteme. The increase of private business, car ownership, and improvement of the road system and the development of the airline industry after World War II help to catalyze and inspire the growth of the tourism industry (Ding Kay Lee, 2009). Next, with the effect of increasing in industrialization development, it has brought to increasing of the demand for international tourism to urge the development of the international tourism industry. Nowadays, tourism almost becomes part of the basic need in the wealthiest part of the developed world, where it assists people to obtain a higher degree of physically and psychological balance (Kastenholz, 2002). 2.1 Tourism Industry Definition of tourism industry is difficult; it is defined as a people who travel and stay in a place beside from their staying more than twenty-four hours and not more than one year for leisure, business and other goals not related to the implement of an activity rewarded within the place visit. An integrity model of tourism is shared by Cook, Yale, and Marquas (1999) which spine around the tourists and divided into three large layers, which include several tourism participants and organizations of inter-dependent groups, enveloping the focus point. The first layer of the model consists of the tourism promoters such as tour administrators, tourists board and traveler agents. Marketing efforts will be carrying out directly and indirectly by the administrators to the tourists. Matters pertaining on travel issue normally will be corresponded between tourists and administrators. The tourism services suppliers is the second layer of the model where provide services that are asked by tourists such as transportation and accommodation. The third layer is the environment. Comparing other industries, the external environments, which consists of social, cultural, political, environmental, and economic forces is reveled by tourism industry. The ability of both tourism administrators and services suppliers to react regularly on forces that may range from tricky and sudden changes is necessary. (Ding Kay Lee, 2009) Socio-cultural appearance and an economic development tool for both tourist generating and receiving countries also as an important sector of tourism. Tourism helps to create employment and business opportunity in the most visited region in personnel property. Positive effects on income will receive by both investors and employees in the industry. Effects of multiplication happen when tourists consume, government infrastructural investment and the purchasing power created by the enlargement income. In addition, foreign exchange for the receiving countries can be achieved from the exportation branch of international tourism. Tourism Promoters Tourism service Supplier Enviromental Cook, Yale, and Marquas (1999) tourism model 2.2 A City of Future with Listing of UNESCO The future of Malaccas tourism industry is well foretells with the World Heritage listing. This will bring in new businesses opportunities idle domestic or international and wishing the forwardness of cultural infrastructures. However, tourism can be a double-edged sword. It is critical to surveillance and minimize the negative impress of tourism, assuring against inverts of destiny (tourism industry unstably influenced by perishes and fuel prices) or over-success in case fast gentrification, hovering asset prices and living costs compel the locals. Through the heritage trial design, the advantages of tourism could be promote for local communities and stakeholders by community groups, training and attaching them as administers, judger and retailers. A coordinated information platform could help to accelerate local initiatives such as cultural programs, home stays and small enterprises. Thinking of to making Malacca a city of the future -an ideal location for creative throngs and ICT enterprises, or a cultural, leisure and service center for the larger Indonesia- Malaysia- Singapore Growth Triangle Region is to be transformed. Such strategies should be directed at restoring abandon buildings, not substituting presence communities. On the other hand, economic merit could be achieved by expending the educational potential of Malacca. The Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca should be taught in Malaysian schools on its local historic and sense. With a little more interpretation and cultural installation, Malacca could serve as an open museum of its civilization and architecture, catering especially to Malaysian and ASEAN students. As a field introduction to Asian cultures, study trips are already being organized annually by several foreign universities for undergraduate and graduate students. To go further with this idea, the existing of a prestigious university with an urban campus not only helps revive the city but also create a demand for student accommodation and local services. (Heritage Asia OCT -Dec 2008) 2.2.1 Term and Condition of UNESCO Listing To be listed in World Heritage list, sites must be of remarkable universal value and meet at least one out of ten selection criteria. The Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention  explained the criteria which, besides for the text of Convention, it also the main processing tool on World Heritage. Regularly reformulated on the criteria are done by the Committee to reflect the developing of the World Heritage concept itself. Until end of 2004, six basis cultural and four natural criteria were selected by World Heritage site. With revising the adoption of the Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention, only one set of ten criteria exists. Below and the criterias of include in the World Heritage List: (Quoted from WOLD HERITAGE SITE, 2004) Selection criteria: To represent a masterpiece of human creative genius; To exhibit an important interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town-planning or landscape design; To bear a unique or at least exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared; To be an outstanding example of a type of building, architectural or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history; To be an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement, land-use, or sea-use which is representative of a culture (or cultures), or human interaction with the environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible change; To be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal significance. (The Committee considers that this criterion should preferably be used in conjunction with other criteria); To contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and aesthetic importance; To be outstanding examples representing major stages of earths history, including the record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic features; To be outstanding examples representing significant on-going ecological and biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water, coastal and marine ecosystems and communities of plants and animals; To contain the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation. The protection, management, authenticity and integrity of properties are also important considerations. 2.2.2 Benefit of Heritage As Malacca had gained a world heritage label in 2008, it had brought certain advantages or significant on Malacca Economic, state development, communities, social, education and site owners. (Little Penang Street Market, 2009) For example, there will be: New business opportunities generated for a host, not least deriving from the prestigious Heritage listing. A wider development of a creative economy in Malacca is to be linked, as well as to a cleaner, safer, more positive civic environment through commitment to a decent management plan. Increased local, federal and international project funding access. An increase in tourist arrivals, not least in cultural tourism, again leading to greater business opportunities and turnover. Cultural tourists are known to stay longer and spend more. Potential for investment in local artisans and craftspeople, with subsidies, training and identification of new commercial opportunities. The continuation of other development and business activities. Greater economic returns through appreciation in value. Improved documentation of city and state. 2.2.3 Culture Tourism Tourism can be considered as an omnipresent appearance in modern society, but its definition is far from consensual. Normally, people think of tourism as holidays focusing on the pleasure motive, but neglecting other forms of travel, such as business tourism, cultural tourism, and health tourism. (Ding Kay Lee, 2009) Cultural tourism is defined as the persons movement for essentially cultural intentions such as study tours, performing arts and cultural tours; travel to festivals and other related events by World Tourism Organization (2001). Essentially, cultural tourism is based on the mosaic of places, traditions, art forms, celebrations and experiences that portray of host nation and its people (National Assembly of State Arts Agencies, 2005). On other hand, following technical definition of cultural tourism: all movements of persons to specific cultural attractions, such a heritage sites, artistic and cultural appearances, arts and drama outside their usual place of residence are suggest by Bonink and Richards (1992). Generally, in the point of view, travelers with high socio-economic status, high levels of education, sufficient leisure time, and often having occupations related to the cultural industries and education is likely to be compose in culture tourism (Richards, 1996). 2.3 Tourisms Potential for Economic Growth Tourism is one of the important sectors of Malaysian economy growth; it is third income of the economy just after mining (petroleum) and manufacturing (Pazim @ Fadzim Othman, 2009). Rapid growth of tourism industry has been identified as a key driver of growth in the services sector. The industry has strengthened the services account of the payment and continues to be a hinge of foreign exchange earner, contributing to GDP (gross domestic product) growth, investment and jobs employment. (Senior Research Officer with the Malaysian Institute of Economic Research (MIER), 2008) Generally, other related service industries, particularly food and beverages, accommodation, transport, entertainment, shopping, foreign currency development of regions (Avi Ella, 2009) and other small and medium-sized industries will be affected by the expansions of tourism industry on its growth. Based on the Ninth Malaysia Plan 2006-2010, tourism-related activities provided 492,000 jobs for employees which representing 4.4 per cent of the total workforce in 2006.Compare with 390,600 jobs in 2000, accounting for 4.2 per cent of the total workforce, it has increase 26 per cent of the work force. However, it is even greater in employment creation, when the strong linkages tourism with other segments of the economy, such as transportation, retail, utilities, food and beverages, as well as financial services are taking into account. (Senior Research Officer with the Malaysian Institute of Economic Research (MIER), 2008) Moreover, tourism also plays an important role in helping low-income groups improving their livelihood and income earn through involvement in tourism-related activities, such as rural homestay program, eco- and agro-tourism tour guide activities as well as handicraft industries. Below is the statistic of homestay program in Malaysia. In April 2009, 3,150 Homestay participants had registered with Ministry of Tourism. (Tourism Malaysia, 2009) Statistic of Homestay Visitors Domestic Visitor International Visitor 2007 2008 Growth (%) 2007 2008 Growth (%) 51,055 68,416 34 21,368 23,117 8.2 Receipts of Homestay Receipts (RM) 2007 2008 Growth (%) Jan-Mac 2009 Growth (%) 4,923,433.30 6,393,676.63 29.9 2,319,018.40 7,755,616.30 Table 1: Statistic of Malaysia Homestay from Tourism Malaysia 2.3.1 Tourism Brings Prosperity to Malacca As a part of Heritage Worlds, Malacca is proud with its own economic performance at a macro level and is far better than the national level or that 11 other states. It holds huge potential in gaining more income for business and improves the livelihood of locals and has generated employment opportunities. (Bernama, February 20 2008). For the last 7 years, Malaccas economic performance successfully generated a stimulating growth of economy with an average Gross Domestic Output (GPP) of 5.8 per cent with its unique and amazing of tourism contribution.   In 2008, more than 6 million people visited the historical state last year and spent RM3 billion during their stay. With the present Malaccas tourism campaign of Visiting Historical Malacca Means Visiting Malaysia, 6.8 million tourists are expected with the expectation they will be spending RM3.4 billion in their journey of traveling. With the slow growth of world economy, Malacca is harvesting more on the service sector and the crops are mainly come from the tourism industry. Its 65% of Malacca GDP in 2008. (Tourism Malacca, 2008) To ensuring the tourism sector progresses for the benefit of the state and its people, Malacca played an important role in Malaysias tourism industry as a historical and safe destination and with a unique mix of modern infrastructure and nation, the state government has implement a lot of projects in this several years and investing a lot of money to protect and renew the valuable heritage cultures and architectures. Malacca is highly optimistic of the tourist numbers and extrapolations point the number will reach 8.2 million by 2010. (Tourism Malacca, 2008) Table 2: Statistic from Tourism Melaka 2008 Adapting from Bernama report, Malacca Chief Minister Datuk Seri Mohd Ali Rustam noted that, in ensuring the benefit of the state and its people with the progress of culture tourism sector, the state is in the midst of implementing several new high impact tourism projects. Among them is the development of Sungai Malacca at a cost of RM320mil as a new growth tourism centre that will parallel San Antonio River in the United States for its beauty and cleanliness. Several value-added projects are to be established along the banks of Sungai Malacca, among others the Casa Del Rio Boutique Hotel worth RM85mil, the Customs, Immigration and Quarantine (CIQ) Complex valued at RM35mil and a marina worth RM25mil. Besides that, archaeological works on the Malacca Fort walls are being undertaken with an allocation of RM12.8mil from the Federal Government. The Malacca government through Tourism Malaysia, the Malacca State Tourism Action Committee and relevant agencies are always working out new ideas to turn Malacca into a compelling tourism centre in the world. With the emphasis given by state government on tourism events of international expend and working closely with United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in order to promote Malacca as one of world heritage sites to international tourists. With the acknowledgement from UNESCO, Malacca will continue remain as a tourism destination of choice for local and foreign tourists. Besides that, famous local traditional food such as nyonya food, Portugal ikan bakar, and chicken rice ball should exploit in advertisement of ICT to attract the cultural tourists to visit the state. It is important to note that such food is not only delicious but only can be found in Malacca. The art of cooking this delicious food can also be used as an attraction tool for cultural tourists. In addition, Malacca is also famous with its dessert such as baba type ais kacang, cendol, and coconut shake. For information, accommodation is not a problem where there are 5096 hotel rooms, 2458 resort hotel rooms, 484 chalets and 136 homestay rooms. Thus Malaccas tourism industry will continue to bringing greater prosperity to the state and its people. 2.3.2 Impact of Historical Tourism to Entrepreneurs/ Small Business in Malacca Tourism development provides an avenue for overall economic development and a boost for local entrepreneurship or small business activities. As a result, the encouragement of entrepreneurship and sustainable tourism development has emerged as core areas for policy support and donor-assisted funding across both developed and developing  world. Tourism and Entrepreneurship: international perspectives provides an innovative, fresh approach reflecting on the most recent trends in tourism development. The central stage of the book is the role of entrepreneurship in the context of regional/local tourism development.   From what I had observed, tourism in Malacca is increasing recently after being labeled as UNESCO World Heritage. The tourists are from local such as Johor, Kuala Lumpur, Selangor and so on. While for international tourists, mostly are from Singapore as they are just the neighbors of Malaysia, others are from Japan, Taiwan and China. On the other hand, with the increasing of tourism in Malacca, it also brings the impact to the small business especially small business/ entrepreneurs in Jonker Street, such as Malacca Nyoya Laksa, chicken rice ball, cendoll and traditional handicrafts. Beside from that, it also brings economic benefit to the small business near town such as Newton food court, Malacca Spring Tower, shopping mall such as Dataran Phalawan and Mahkota Perade. The business of tricycle at Red House Malacca also seems to be increase recently with the visit of tourists. For hotel business, it is part of the expenditures among the traveler, there is more and more hotels are build in Malacca, there are a lot of hotel choices rating from budget hotel to 5 start hotel such as Kings Hotel, Equatorial Hotel, Star Regency Hotel and Holiday Inn. During the weekend, the room of most hotels almost fully book, it is around 80% (9th Malaysia Plan). In addition, the eco-culture tourism also becomes one of the famous visited by tourism such as zoo Malacca, butterfly farm, tropical food and bee farm. In 2 years time, there will be another tourism site near by zoo Negara. It is Malacca Mini Water Park and another hotel will be build there to overcome the needs of tourists. In order to overcome the increase of tourists, historic Malacca will be introducing a RM272 million tram transportation system which will begin at the Plaza Tol Ayer Keroh here and cover 23 locations and a distance of 40 km to downtown in 2011. 2.4 Pro-poor Tourism Pro-poor tourism is an approaching of tourism to the poor that increases the net benefits (Ashley et. al, 2001). Pro-poor tourism is introduce long time ago as a tourism product and purely to ensure that the poorer section of the community too will have their share of the tourism economic pie in a host. It will decrease inequality and the increasing gap between the rich and poor which result in pro- poor growth. Deteriorating income distribution is part of a concern in Malaysia where poverty is becoming more complex coupled; new approaches are required since previous ones have little impact on poverty reduction (Yeang, 2005). 2.4.1 Assessment of Pro- Poor Tourism in Melaka Historic City Malacca is a popular tourism destination among international and domestic tourists as it is known for its historical past and rich in heritage site. Tourism is an important economic sector in Malacca and it is the second most concernment in terms of its contribution to the states revenue after manufacturing and mining. Malacca was able to attract 4 million international and domestic tourists in 2004, mostly concentrating in the Malacca Historic City itself. Compare with the total number of visitor in table 2, table 3 shows the number of international and domestic tourist arrivals in Malacca from 2001 to 2004. (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zainab Khalifah, Assoc. Prof. Dr Amran Hamzah, Nor Azina Dahlan, Ahmad Tajuddin Kechik, 2008) Table 3: Number of International and Domestic Tourist Arrivals in Malacca (2001- 2004) Category Year 2001 2002 2003 2004 Domestic 1.48 1.80 2.86 2.99 International 1.02 1.20 0.74 1.01 Total 2.50 3.00 3.60 4.00 2.4.2 Cities and Tourism From what had World Tourism Organization find out, recent trends and prognosis studies signifying that cities will continue to be in high demand by tourists of all sorts especially cities with UNESCO listed such as Malacca and Penang. With Malaysia benefits from its own special location and is ideal for foreign tourists searching for new world of tourism (Pazim @ Fadzim Othman, 2009). Many culture tourists like to spend their time wondering around in the cities to see its specialties and experiencing the culture, architectures, enthusiasm of nation and not least with it historical places. However, all parties concerned must be more systematically equipped and aware with the problems connected in handling of these tourists. (World Tourism Organization, 2009) Therefore, cities face is a double challenge. Firstly, good respondents to the expectations and needs of the growing numbers of tourists who are attracted to their rich and various ornament of cultural, business, entertainment, shopping, sports and other attractions; furthermore, in order to maintain their share in the competitive tourism market and the benefits resulting from it, continuous renovation and improve such infrastructure is needed to be construct annually. Secondly, cities have to ensure that tourism is developed and managed in such a way that it benefits the resident population, equality of development, does not contribute to the deterioration of the urban environment but rather to its enhancement, and does not become a financial burden to the local authority (AIDE MEMOIRE, 1999). There are three key dimensions of tourism in cities and urban areas: Products   To enhance the unique appeal of Malacca tourism product and service, the state government continue to promote their states traditional advantages, its cultural and natural heritage with its eco- and agro- tourism. Other tourism products include theme parks, operators of events (sports, shows, and fairs), museums, hotels and also convention and exhibition (MICE) segment. (Night Malaysia Plan 2006-2010) Information   As the relying of information in tourism sector is high, information and communication technology (ICT) contribute unlimitedly to the tourism business especially the Internet. It has substantially changed the strategy for tourism stakeholders, providing new challenges and opportunities in promoting and selling their products and services. Several campaign such as Visiting Historical Malacca Means Visiting Malaysia,, Malacca International Tourism Show (MITS) 2009, and ZOOM MELAKA can be spread to the worlds through ICT in form of internet, advertisement, e-commerce and news. (Senior Research Officer with the Malaysian Institute of Economic Research (MIER), 2008) Impacts   Economic and development opportunities as well as the impact of tourism growth on sustainable development, transportation, food and entertainments, cultural, and environmental, social and economic aspects form tourism industry to the cities and its people to be benefited. (AIDE MEMOIRE, 1999)   2.4.3 Implementation of State Government to Boost up Number of Tourist Arrivals to Historical City. With the impact of Malacca being label as UNESCO site, a number of tourism infrastructure projects have being implemented by state government in its effort to boost up the number of tourist arrivals, increasing their length of staying and to maximize revenue earn from tourism. These various tourism projects in relationship with the marginalized communities can be categorized as either circumstantial or deliberate. Circumstantial is development of tourism which is not targeted for the poor but the runoff over of the development benefits the poor. Deliberate is when the development is mainly aimed for the poor. (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zainab Khalifah, Assoc. Prof. Dr Amran Hamzah, Nor Azina Dahlan, Ahmad Tajuddin Kechik, 2008) Tables 4 and 5, it briefly list the various government tourism projects and special events, the agency responsible for the development, aim of the development and its benefits to the marginalized communities. A scale, ranging from 1 for low benefit to 3 for high benefit is used as an estimate to indicate the benefits received by the marginalized communities. Table 4: Tourism Projects and its Benefit to Marginalized Communities No Government Tourism Projects Agency AIM/ Purpose Benefits to Marginalized Communities 1 Malacca River Rehabilitation MOTOUR/ MBMB To beautify revitalize Malacca River as a tourist attraction 2 Opportunities available but need intervention. Potential future benefit from boat cruise. 2 Street Improvement Scheme along Jln. Tokong/Jln. Tukang Besi/Jln. Tukang Emas And Jln. Hang Jebat Ministry Of Housing And Local Government To create safe and conducive walking environment for tourists 1 Gentrify and revitalize inner cities Benefit elite businessmen 3 Development of Hang Tuah Mall based on the concept of Bukit Bintang Walk Ministry Of Housing And Local Government /MBMB Revitalize shopping precinct 2 To provide flagship tourism product (State icon product) Meant to house petty traders but the high rent hinders their participations 4 Restoration of 18 units of shop houses along Jln Laksamana MBMB To visually enhance gateway to Malacca and to attract tourist users 2 Still maintain previous occupants 5 Mini museum/gallery at Portuguese Settlement/Kg.Chetti/Kg.Pali PERZIM To showcase and preserve Melakas Heritage 1 Poor presentation Low tourist appeal Superficial No emotional attachment Lack Revenue capture Mechanism 6 Conservation restoration of historical building, national monuments Museum Antiquity Department To showcase Cultural diversity and Preserve Malacca heritage 3 Allows trinkets sellers to set up stalls along popular tourist route 7 Restoration of Atlas Ice PERZIM Cultural centre. Business incubator for handicraft. To supply Genuine handicraft. 1. Low Benefit 2. Moderate Benefit 3. High Benefit Table 5: Special Events and its Benefits to Marginalized Communities No Special Tourism Events Agency AIM/ Purpose Benefits to Marginalized Communities 1 Jonker Walk : Involves the closures of Jalan Hang Jebat (Jonker Street) on Friday, Saturday and Sunday evenings to be turned into a cultural night market Jonker Walk Committee Chinese Chamber Of Commerce To introduce night life and activities as well as the cultural ambience 2 Directly benefits food sellers within the area. 2 Seasonal/ Cultural/ Religious Events Portuguese Settlement San Pedro Fiesta Intrudo (Water Festival) San Juang Fiesta (Light Festival) Christmas Portuguese Committee To preserve religious and cultural heritage 3 Commodification of culture and high direct benefit even though seasonal Extend length of festival (no of days) 3 Kg Chetti Ponggol Festival New Year Deepavali Trustee Executive To preserve religious and cultural heritage 1 Fail to capitalize the benefits of various events 1. Low Benefit 2. Moderate Benefit 3. High Benefit The qualitative assessments of the preliminary show that opportunities do exist for marginalized communities to benefit from tourism. However, in order to fully exploit the benefits of tourism due to their present situation, involving and assistance are required for them to make the plans and projects to success. (Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zainab Khalifah, Assoc. Prof. Dr Amran Hamzah, Nor Azina Dahlan, Ahmad Tajuddin Kechik, 2008) 2.5 ICT in Historical Tourism As the market for tourism is highly depending on information, information and communication technology (ICT) can contribute boundlessly to the tourism business. ICT have essentially changed the method of playing for tourism stakeholders, providing new challenges and opportunities in promoting and selling their products and services,

It331 Documentation

Infinet Infinet is a company that has been providing networking and data communications solutions for companies since 1994. Infinet has throughout the years stayed on top of current networking trends and technologies to ensure reliability and extensive network lifetimes for Infinet’s customers. Our clients range all across the southern and southwestern states of the U. S. Infinet’s mission to its customers is to provide them a network resolution that suits their needs and budget with the highest reliability that current technology can offer.Infinet has many different teams working within the company to maintain positive relations and to provide the highest level of customer service. Technical Support – Infinet offers its clients technical support 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Technical support is available to help troubleshoot with clients to attempt to reach a resolution as soon as possible. Sales Team – Infinet’s sales representatives work with o ur potential customers to determine the customer’s needs and forward the information they gather to Infinet’s design team.Design Team – The design team at Infinet is primarily responsible for the development of a project plan, diagrams, and the implementation of the project plan. The design team is then responsible for the presentation of their proposal to the client in a way that is easy for the client to understand. Networking Team – Once a deal has been made with a client the project is then handed to the networking team. The networking team at Infinet is responsible for the installation of all hardware, software, cabling, and any other type of device to be installed.The networking staff at Infinet is the most crucial part of Infinet. Training for client employees is also provided by the networking team. TTI’s Proposal The following is a list of TTI’s major needs as stated in our documentation that Infinet received. Network Design †¢ TTI must stay within the regulations regarding network design to remain in compliance with various regulations. †¢The network must be separated into two networks, Curriculum and Administrator, and not allow access from the Curriculum Network to any computers or servers on the Administrator network. A maximum of 200 workstations will be deployed at each campus for the Curriculum network and a maximum of 50 computers for the Administration network. †¢The network must facilitate 100x growth in LAN throughput, 2x growth in WAN throughput, and a 10x growth in the main campus internet connection. It must also remain functional for a minimum of 5 years. †¢The four new schools must connect via the ISP’s internal network into a central device at headquarters and forward any internet requests through the headquarters’ internet connection. †¢Each campus will have a MDF room where data will be sent and forwarded as needed.The Houston West campus will include an MDF as well as an IDF on the second floor to forward data to the MDF. †¢Each school has four labs that require 31 connections. There needs to be 3 runs of cabling to the 30 computers on the Curriculum network and 1 run of cable to terminate at the instructor’s computer on the Administrator network. †¢All computers on the Administration network will have their ip addresses set statically and all computers on the Curriculum network will obtain their ip addresses automatically from a DHCP server. DHCP Server †¢Each campus will have a DHCP server to hand out ip addresses to nodes on the Curriculum network.DNS and E-Mail †¢DNS and e-mail servers will be implemented in a hierarchical manner with all services located on the master server at the main campus. †¢All DNS and e-mail servers will be capable to communicate with each other in the event that the master server becomes unavailable. Administrative Server †¢TTI will need to have an Administration s erver at each school site to interface with the DBMS at headquarters for student tracking, grades, attendance, and other functions †¢The Administration server must not be accessible by any students or the Curriculum network. Web Server TTI will need a web server to host its virtual library which will house an online library for curricular research and give students access to several online databases. Application Server †¢All computer applications will be housed on a server at each school location to provide the IT staff with an easy solution to upgrading applications. FTP Server †¢An FTP server will be setup to provide TTI staff with a quick way to recover missing or corrupt files. Executive Summary Infinet has recently received a request from TTI to implement a network plan to meet the addition of four new campuses within the state of Texas.We believe that we have come up with the most reliable and secure plan to meet your needs at a reasonably low price. In our plan we have included many options to provide TTI with our personal recommendations as well as options lower in cost to suit TTI’s financial obligations. Infinet will take on all responsibility of hardware and software installations as well as an effective training plan to give the IT staff at TTI the tools they need to monitor and maintain their network. Assumptions and Constraints The following list is a few assumptions that Infinet has made based the information TTI has presented. TTI has already laid down the cabling or has done so with the construction of the building. †¢TTI will remain responsible for any physical security of network components and servers. †¢Proper cooling will be available in the MDF and IDF rooms. †¢TTI is needs new workstations to be purchased and installed. If we are wrong with any of our assumptions we have made a few possible solutions. †¢Infinet has the staff and resources to lay down any cabling if need be. †¢Infinet has in cluded the option to omit any costs for new workstations if TTI has no desire to upgrade their current workstations.Deliverables Based upon the previous information, Infinet has come up with what we plan to bring to the table. †¢Infinet will propose hardware and costs with several options for TTI to better suit their budget and needs. †¢Infinet will provide a project schedule and implementation timeline to clarify each phase of the project. †¢Infinet will identify the network topology and layout. Our main highlights will include the following. o4 T1 data lines for point-to-point connectivity and 1 T1-speed data frame relay to connect all sites to the Internet. Fiber optic-multi mode backbone. oSegment LAN at each site into two networks, administrator and curriculum. oSuccessful network connectivity with campuses to the main campus as well as Internet connectivity. oEstablishment of MDF’s at each location as well as an IDF at the Houston location on the second f loor. oImplementation of an IP subnet capable to meet current needs and to facilitate growth. oDHCP configuration with student network and static IP addresses assigned to the administrator network. oInstallation of DHCP, DNS, and Application servers at each site.Each location will have a separate Administration server that will directly communicate with the DBMS at the main campus. oThe main campus will include the main DNS server, DNS, IIS, Active Directory, Exchange, Web, Application, and FTP servers. †¢Infinet will provide a comprehensive backup solution for data and power. †¢Infinet will ensure security to the Administration LAN as well as a firewall to deny access from any device outside the TTI network. †¢Infinet will present a training plan for the IT support staff for TTI to give them the necessary knowledge and tools to monitor and maintain the network. Infinet will have a prototype for display to demonstrate our ability to effectively separate the Curriculum and Administration networks. Project Plan Implementation and Timeline There are going to be 7 major steps to complete the project. 1. Inspect locations Verify the current setup and identify the requirements that TTI needs to accomplish before installation takes place. Also to identify the location of the new hardware and verify what is needed. Jason: Dallas, Scott: Houston, Troy: San Antonio, Tyson: Austin An estimated 4. 5 days will be needed to complete the inspection of all sites. 2. Purchasing and DeliveryAll hardware that has been deemed necessary will be ordered and delivered to each site. During this time, Technician’s will be coordinated at each site to prepare for hardware installation. An estimated 18. 5 days will be needed to complete purchasing and delivery of all sites. 3. Hardware Installation All hardware will be installed and setup at each location. This includes all Workstations, Servers, Networking Equipment and Cabling. An estimated 11. 5 days will be need ed to complete hardware installation of all sites. 4. Software Installation All software and server services will be setup and implemented at all locations.Routers, switches and firewalls will be configured and optimized for network communication between sites. Workstations will be setup with their appropriate network configuration. An estimated 4. 5 days will be needed to complete software installation of all sites. 5. Finish Installation and Network Testing All hardware and software installation will be finished and network setup will be verified and tested for problems. Security policies and double firewall will be tested for weaknesses from outside Internet connectivity. Backup solution will be tested and verified with a complete disaster recovery plan.An estimated 11. 5 days will be needed to complete the finish Installation and network-testing phase of all sites. 6. Training Training for the TTI administration and IT staff, so that they will be fully capable of maintaining and monitoring the network using SNMP standards. An estimated 5 days training will be needed for training. 7. Support Period: 10 day on call support. Any problems detected during this 10 day period will be corrected by Infinet. Project Details Network Topology TTI Network Overview All campuses will be connected through the ISP’s internal network.Internet access from the campuses will be forwarded to the Houston Headquarters and then out to the internet through Houston’s T3 or Frame Relay connection. Houston Headquarters Campus The Houston Main Campus will house the main DBMS server and the master backup server. The application, main DNS, DHCP, and Active Directory servers will also be located in the MDF. Each of the other four campuses’ internet connections will be forwarded to the Houston campus’ router, Cisco 7204 VXR, which will then forward internet connectivity through the Houston campus’ T3 or ISDN connection.The T3 or ISDN connection will be gu arded by a PIX515e firewall that will block all incoming requests except those for web and e-mail traffic. Houston West Campus The Houston West campus has the same setup as the other campuses, minus Houston Headquarters, except that cable runs will come from the MDF to a switch on the second floor that computers on that floor will connect to. It hosts local DNS, E-Mail, DHCP, and application servers as well. Dallas, San Antonio, and Austin Campuses These campuses will host local DNS, DHCP, application, E-Mail, and FTP servers and have T1 connections.Project Details IP Schema The IP addressing scheme we chose is designed to make administering the network easier. Each IP address will allow TTI’s IT staff to identify if it belongs on the student or administrator network and what its physical campus location is. The chart below provides the details. HoustonHouston WestAustinDallasSan Antonio Student Network10. 1. 5. 0/2410. 1. 15. 0/2410. 1. 25. 0/2410. 1. 35. 0/2410. 1. 45. 0/24 Admin Network10. 1. 10. 0/2510. 1. 20. 0/2510. 1. 30. 0/2510. 1. 40. 0/2510. 1. 50. 0/25 Student Range10. 1. 5. 2 – 10. 1. 5. 25410. 1. 5. 2 – 10. 1. 15. 25410. 1. 25. 2 – 10. 1. 25. 254 10. 1. 35. 2 – 10. 1. 35. 25410. 1. 45. 2 – 10. 1. 45. 254 Admin Range10. 1. 10. 2 – 10. 1. 10. 12610. 1. 20. 2 – 10. 1. 20. 12610. 1. 30. 2 – 10. 1. 30. 12610. 1. 40. 2 – 10. 1. 40. 12610. 1. 50. 2 – 10. 1. 50. 126 Student Gateway10. 1. 5. 110. 1. 15. 110. 1. 25. 110. 1. 35. 110. 1. 45. 1 Admin Gateway10. 1. 10. 110. 1. 20. 110. 1. 30. 110. 1. 40. 110. 1. 50. 1 Student Broadcast10. 1. 5. 25510. 1. 15. 25510. 1. 25. 25510. 1. 35. 25510. 1. 45. 255 Admin Broadcast10. 1. 10. 12710. 1. 20. 12710. 1. 30. 12710. 1. 40. 2710. 1. 50. 127 Project Details Security Security planning for the internal and external TTI network should be as follows. †¢A nominal amount of training with the staff will have to be done with regards to physica l and logical security. †¢Logical security should be setup using the firewall for external use and ACL’s, managed switches, and password security for internal security. †¢Using monitoring programs to the benefit of the school and to see where problems may rise. †¢Monitoring tools for service availability and bandwidth management. oNagios oMRTG oEmail NotificationActive Directory Structure TTI. EDU Training and Maintenance Plan Once the project has been completed, Infinet will begin the training of Network and System Administrator personnel at each TTI location. The training will be for the length of 5 days from 8 A. M to 12 P. M. and 1 P. M. to 5 P. M. for a total of 40 hours. Each site will be trained simultaneously from Infinet’s design team. TTI’s IT staff will be trained on the router and switch configurations, IP addressing schemes, all servers and their configurations, troubleshooting techniques, and client node configurations.TTI will also be provided with contact information regarding their WAN connections. Once training has been completed a support period will begin. This support period will last for 10 business days, Monday through Friday. During this period TTI will be responsible for â€Å"digging† into their network to find any bugs or potential problems. Upon the discovery of any problem TTI can contact Infinet’s customer support to work out a resolution. All warranty information on hardware will be held by Infinet until the expiration of the support period at which time TTI will be solely responsible.One item to keep in mind is that although we will discontinue responsibility after the support period, Infinet is always willing to listen to clients’ problems and give suggestions to help the client reach a solution. Risk Analysis The following table addresses particular events that may delay the completion of the project. RiskImpactProbabilityResponse Late arrival of connectivity equipmentLH Push all servers to a â€Å"plug-n-play† state to minimize schedule interference. Cable interferenceHMLocate the source of interference and terminate it or insulate the cabling.Damaged server or wrong server hardwareMMSend equipment back and obtain new equipment Late arrival of serversMMSend equipment back and obtain new equipment ISP problemsMMDepending on response time of ISP, possibly find a new ISP. VPN connectivity problemsMMDiagnose the source and implement solution. Natural disasterHLResolution depends on the effects of the disaster. Sudden increase in the pricing of resourcesMLConsult with TTI. Perhaps find an alternative solution in the case of drastic changes. Poor attendance during training phaseMLHold multiple sessions or commute to certain locations for additional training if necessary.Complications when migrating existing dataMLPerform any conversions or third party support. SQL connectivity problemsMLDiagnose the source and implement solution. Wrong equipment o r damaged equipmentLMSend equipment back and obtain new equipment Backup Strategy Hardware: The Houston campus will house the main backup server. The type of device will be either Dell PowerVault 110T LTO-2-L, a tape drive solution, or Iomega StorCenter Pro 200d, a device that uses random access rather than sequential. The choice of device will be up to TTI. Each campus except for headquarters will use Bytecc 40GB 3. 5†³ LANDisk NAS for data backups.This networked attached storage device utilizes a 100-BaseTX networking interface and a Western Digital 40GB hard drive. Each campus will have a UPS system. The device we have selected, APC Back-UPS RS 1500VA, has an internal alarm, hot swappable batteries, connects via USB or serial, a 110 minute blackout run time, and a $150,000 lifetime equipment protection plan. Strategy: The main campus’ backup device will run a routine scheduled backup nightly that will pull the data from each individual NAS drive. Along with this data, it will backup Active Directory and the Microsoft Exchange email databases.These are items that we have deemed required for backup and any remaining items are to be discussed and implemented into the daily backup schedule. The latest copy of the data will be taken home by the administrator each day so that there is always an off-site duplicate of the backup. Cost Analysis Infinet has worked hard to make an effective solution for TTI. One difference that you will find with our company is that we prefer to provide our clients with options. In our costs proposal we have given TTI options such as the client workstations, backup solutions, and WAN connections.Each option has been analyzed and determined to fit TTI’s needs within the RFP we received. Infinet bids a range of $1,769,487. 96 to $2,425,751. 26 to give TTI the option to weigh their cost versus their needs. Infinet cannot determine what will be the best solution for TTI as it is TTI itself that knows what is best. If TT I has any suggestions regarding hardware, software, or WAN connections Infinet will be readily available to share ideas and work firmly to meet TTI’s demands as a customer. For exact details on the costs breakdown please refer to Appendix A and for hardware descriptions please see Appendix B.Appendix Appendix A: Cost Analysis Breakdown†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦23 Appendix B: Hardware†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦27 Appendix A – Cost Analysis Recommended Cost Sheet Hardware:Quantity:Unit Cost:Total Cost: Dimension 9150 Desktop1250$1,411. 30$1,764,125. 00 Cisco 7204 VXR1$3,958. 90$3,958. 90 PA-MC-8T1 (WIC)1$2,198. 90$2,198. 90 Cisco 2600 XM4$3,376. 99$13,507. 96 Dell PowerEdge 285011$3,291. 20$36,203. 20 Cisco Secure PIX 515E1$2,823. 70$2,823. 70 Cisco Cat alyst 2948G Switch40$4,677. 19$187,087. 56 NAS Network Attached Storage4$153. 99$615. 96 APC APWBR15005$383. 90$1,919. 50 23†³ Equipment Racks 5$143. 0$715. 00 REVStorCenter Pro 200d Series (HQ Backup Server)1$1,978. 90$1,978. 90 Total: $2,015,134. 57 Software:Quantity:Unit Cost:Total Cost: Server 2003 Enterprise CALS (25)2$571. 95$1,143. 89 Microsoft Office Pro 2003 (Open License)1$492. 80$492. 80 Total: $1,636. 69 WAN:Total Months:Monthly Cost:Total 5 Year Cost: 5 Year on T1 (Per Site)60$852. 50$51,150. 00 5 Year on T1 (Per Site)60$852. 50$51,150. 00 5 Year on T1 (Per Site)60$852. 50$51,150. 00 5 Year on T1 (Per Site)60$852. 50$51,150. 00 5 Year on T3 (Headquarters)60$825. 00$49,500. 00 Total Internet Cost: $254,100. 00Labor and Training:Hours:Rate:Total Cost: Team Member (5 Employees)1600$27. 50$44,000. 00 Hardware Technicians (24 Employees)3840$16. 50$63,360. 00 Software Technicians (24 Employees)2880$16. 50$47,520. 00 Total: $154,880. 00 Total Project Cost: $2,425,751. 26 Low Cost Sheet Hardware:Quantity:Unit Cost:Total Cost: Dimension 9150 Desktops1250$910. 80$1,138,500. 00 Cisco 7204 VXR1$3,958. 90$3,958. 90 PA-MC-8T1 (WIC)1$2,198. 90$2,198. 90 Dell PowerEdge 285011$3,291. 20$36,203. 20 Cisco Secure PIX 515E FireWall1$2,823. 70$2,823. 70 Cisco Catalyst 2948G Switch40$4,677. 19$187,087. 56 Cisco 2600XM4$3,376. 9$13,507. 96 NAS Network Attached Storage4$153. 99$615. 96 APC APWBR15005$383. 90$1,919. 50 23†³ Equipment Rack5$143. 00$715. 00 PowerVault 110T LTO-2-L(HQ Back-up Server)1$1,538. 90$1,538. 90 Total: $1,389,069. 57 Software:Quantity:Unit Cost:Total Cost: Server 2003 Enterprise CALS (25)2$571. 95$1,143. 89 Microsoft Office Pro 2003 (Open License)1$492. 80$492. 80 Total: $1,636. 69 WAN:Total Months:Monthly Cost:Total 5 Year Cost: 5 Year T160$852. 50$51,150. 00 5 Year T160$852. 50$51,150. 00 5 Year T160$852. 50$51,150. 00 ISDN60$852. 50$51,150. 00 Frame Relay (5PDC 5 Year)60$307. 40$18,443. 70Frame Relay Installation (Per Site)1$858. 00$858. 00 Total Internet Cost: $223,901. 70 Labor and Training:Hours:Hourly Rate:Total Cost: Team Member (5 Employees)1600$27. 50$44,000. 00 Hardware Technicians (24 Employees)3840$16. 50$63,360. 00 Software Technicians (24 Employees)2880$16. 50$47,520. 00 Total: $154,880. 00 Total Project Cost: $1,769,487. 96 Cost Options Breakdown Hardware OptionsPrice Selected Price ?Dimension 9150 Desktop (Upgraded)$1,764,125. 00 —–>+ oror ?Dimension 9150 Desktops$1,138,500. 00 —–>+ ?REVStorCenter Pro 200d Series (HQ Backup Server)$1,978. 90 —–>+ oror PowerVault 110T LTO-2-L (HQ Back-up Server)$1,538. 90 —–>+ Total: Internet OptionsPrice Selected Price ?Houston West T1 Connection$51,150. 00 —–>+ oror ?Houston West Frame Relay including Installation$19,301. 70 —–>+ ?Houston Headquarters T1 Connection$51,150. 00 —–>+ oror ?Houston Headquarters ISDN Connection$51,150. 00 —–>+ Total: Set Costs T otal Price Non-Optional Hardware—–>$249,030. 67 Other Campus' Internet Connections—–>$153,450. 00 Software—–>$1,636. 69 Labor—–>$154,880. 00 Set Costs Subtotal:$558,997. 36 Total Project Cost: Appendix B – Hardware Cisco PIX ® 515EThe Cisco PIX ® 515E Firewall is an enhanced version of the widely popular Cisco PIX 515 platform, providing industry-leading firewall and IP Security (IPSec) virtual private networking (VPN) services. Designed for small and medium businesses, as well as enterprise remote offices, the Cisco PIX 515E features increased processing power and integrated, hardware-based IPSec acceleration (certain models) delivering even more robust performance for high throughput security requirements. Performance Summary Cleartext throughput 188 Mbps 168-bit 3DES IPsec VPN throughput 63 Mbps Simultaneous VPN tunnels 2,000 Dimensions and Weight Height 1. 2 in. (4. 37 cm), 1 RU Width 16. 82 in. (42. 72 cm), Stan dard 19-in. rack mountable Depth 11. 8 in. (29. 97 cm) Weight (one power supply) ~ 11 lbs (4. 11 kg) Expansion PCI BUS Two 32-bit/33-MHz PCI Random Access Memory Two 168-pin DIMM slots (64 MB maximum supported by Cisco PIX OS) Dimension 9150 Processor: Pentium ® D Processor 940 with Dual Core Technology (3. 20GHz, 800FSB) Operating System: Genuine Windows ® XP Home Edition Memory: 2GB Dual Channel DDR2 SDRAM at 533MHz- 2DIMMs Hard Drives: 320GB Serial ATA 3Gb/s Hard Drive (7200RPM) w/ 16MB cache Optical Drive: Single Drive: 16x DVD+/-RW with double layer write capability Monitors:Free Upgrade from E196 Analog Flat Panel to 1907FP Digital Flat Panel Video Cards: 128MB PCI Expressâ„ ¢ x16 (DVI/VGA/TV-out) ATI Radeon X300 SE HyperMemory Keyboard: Dell USB Keyboard Mouse: Dell ® 2-button USB mouse Dimension 9150 Processor: Pentium ® D Processor 805 w/Dual Core Technology (2. 660GHz,533FSB) Operating System: Genuine Windows ® XP Pro Memory: 512MB Dual Channel DDR2 SDRAM at 5 33MHz – 2DIMMs Hard Drives: FREE UPGRADE! 250GB Serial ATA Hard Drive (7200RPM) Optical Drive: Single Drive: 48x CD-RW / DVD-ROM Combo Drive Monitors: Free Upgrade from E196 Analog Flat Panel to 1907FP Digital Flat Panel Video Cards: 28MB PCI Expressâ„ ¢ x16 (DVI/VGA/TV-out) ATI Radeon X300 SE HyperMemory Dell Service ; Support Plans: 1 Year On-site Economy Plan Adobe Software: Adobe ® Acrobat ® Reader 6. 0 CISCO 7200 VXR SERIES ROUTER †¢ WAN edge-Award-winning quality-of-service (QoS) feature performance †¢ Broadband aggregation-Up to 16,000 Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) sessions per chassis †¢ Multiprotocol Label Switching provider edge (MPLS PE)-Number one choice for provider edge deployment today †¢ Voice/video/data integration-Time-division multiplexer (TDM)-enabled VXR chassis and voice port adapters †¢ IP-to-IP Gateway Support-Direct IP-interconnections IP Security virtual private networking (IPSec VPN)-Scalable to 5,000 tunnels per chas sis †¢ High-End Customer Premises Equipment (CPE)-For managed WAN services saving equipment, transport and administrative cost The Cisco 7200 VXR addresses these solution requirements by integrating functions previously performed by separate devices into a single platform. Through this integration, the Cisco 7200 VXR provides a single, cost-effective platform that supports: †¢ High-density LAN and WAN interfaces Broadband subscriber services aggregation, including PPP, RFC 1483 termination, and Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) tunneling †¢ Digital T1/E1 TDM trunk termination for voice, video, and data †¢ High-density multichannel T3/E3 and T1/E1 with integrated channel service unit/data service unit (CSU/DSU) †¢ ATM, Packet over SONET (POS), and Dynamic Packet Transport (DPT) connectivity †¢ ATM IMA (Inverse Multiplexing over ATM) for voice, video, and data †¢ Direct IBM mainframe channel connectivity †¢ Light-density Layer 2 Ethernet switchi ng PowerEdge 2850:Processor: Intel ® Xeonâ„ ¢ Processor at 2. 8GHz/2MB Cache, 800MHz FSB Additional Processor: Single Processor only Memory: 1GB DDR2 400MHz (2X512MB), Single Ranked DIMMs Chassis Configuration: No Rails Included Operating System: Windows Server ® 2003 R2, Standard Edition, Includes 5 CALs Hard Drive Configuration: Drives attached to embedded SCSI controller, No RAID Riser Card: Riser with PCI-X Support and Embedded Raid (ROMB) Support Hard Drive Backplane: 1Ãâ€"6 Hard Drive Backplane,PE2850 Bezel: Active ID Bezel Option Primary Hard Drive: 73GB 10K RPM Ultra 320 SCSI Hard DriveNetwork Adapter: Dual On-Board NICs CD/DVD Drive: 24X IDE CD-ROM Power Supply: Non-Redundant Power Supply Tape Backup Software: CommVault 1-Touch Recovery Client License Key Documentation: Electronic Documentation and OpenManage CD Kit Hardware Support Services: 3Yr BASIC NBD: L1 Hardware Queue, Next Business Day Onsite, M-F 8am-6pm Catalyst 2948G The Catalyst 2948G is a dedicated Ethe rnet switch featuring high-performance Layer 2 switching for the wiring closet, with low cost per port and advanced and proven software capable of supporting a wide variety of switching features.